Day: August 13, 2024

KOSA and COPPA 2.0 pass in a US Senate vote

Not everyone is happy that the US Senate has passed two bills designed to protect children as they spend time online—and that’s especially true for those who are concerned for the safety of LGBTQ+ youth.  

The Kids Online Safety Act (KOSA) and the Children and Teens’ Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA 2.0) received overwhelming bipartisan support yesterday, passing in a vote of 91-3. 

But while the bills may seem well-intentioned, people like Lindz Amer—creator and host of the educational LGBTQ+ preschool series Queer Kid Stuff—are concerned about the effect the measures will have if passed into law. 

“On the one hand, policy concerning children’s online safety is extremely behind the times, whether we’re talking about online predators, manipulative advertising tactics or young people’s mental health,” says Amer (who uses they/them pronouns). “That needs to be remedied and is, I’m assuming, why these bills have so much support.” 

But they add: “On the other hand, vague language that leaves content censorship up to interpretation by government agencies like the FTC leaves creators like me in a tough spot, where those in power see LGBTQ-affirming content for young people as dangerous—which is simply untrue.” 

Among its many changes, COPPA 2.0 bans targeted advertising to kids under the age of 17 and restricts the info companies can collect from kids, while KOSA will require companies to give kids more options for protecting their info and opting out of algorithmic recommendations. If they become law, the bills are expected to have a significant effect on how tech companies reach and create products for kids. As part of KOSA, the Federal Trade Commission plans to create a new Youth Marketing and Privacy Division that will be responsible for enforcing the duty-of-care provisions of the bill.

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Big Spending on Broadband Will Fail Without Reforms

President Biden is focused on his legacy. His administration has made massive investments in infrastructure, a pillar of the 2020 election campaign, but much of the work remains. As Biden shifts attention away from pursuing reelection and toward his presidential duties through January, fulfilling his promise to connect America with high-speed internet and broadband could still be what Biden is remembered. But there’s a problem.

Many close to Biden have acknowledged that the administration’s bureaucratic “procedure fetish” is strangling his broadband agenda with red tape. Billions of taxpayer dollars are stuck in limbo, as with every significant Biden spending program ranging from chip plants to EV chargers all falling behind schedule with little to show for the massive public investment.

The 2022 infrastructure bill devoted a massive $42.5 billion to rural broadband expansion, and for good reason. About 25 million Americans don’t have options for wired broadband service, leaving them cut off from untold remote job opportunities, schooling options and telehealth care. The federal government has failed to pair these investments with streamlining reforms to bulldoze the barriers blocking the bipartisan dream of “internet for all.”

Policymakers are running out of time to remove the procedural obstacles and legislative loopholes preventing meaningful progress. They should start with an obstacle that is boringly ubiquitous yet critically important: utility poles.

Poles are a vital piece of the rural broadband puzzle. The companies that will receive federal money to build networks through rural America must connect their fiber lines to thousands upon thousands of poles owned by other companies. Federal law requires most utilities to let broadband providers rent space on their poles, but these rules have glaring loopholes.

Enforcement has historically moved too slowly to be effective, and the Federal Communications Commission’s efforts to speed up this process remain untested.  The result is a mess of access challenges that has slowed rural broadband projects for years and created a headache for network builders that will soon be a five-alarm fire for taxpayers who put up billions for the project.

Here’s what will happen if D.C. doesn’t act: As states award this federal infrastructure funding, broadband providers will ask pole owners for permission to attach fiber along each project route. Some routine requests may be quickly approved, but many may sit unanswered for months.

Others may spark prolonged fights over who should pay to replace old, damaged poles. In some cases, monopoly pole owners — who may have plans to offer broadband service — may refuse to let competing providers rent space.

Billions of dollars of taxpayer-funded broadband projects will halt and devolve into legal disputes that last for months or years. Rural communities will continue to languish without broadband access.

Wise, common-sense reforms would help avoid this debacle. Congress should start by closing the loopholes that exempt rural electric co-ops and municipal utilities from having to share space on their poles. The bipartisan goal of wiring rural America must take precedence over legislative favoritism and special interest carve-outs.

The FCC can help by moving more quickly to resolve pole attachment complaints. Years of slow and ineffective enforcement have let bad actors off the hook while tacitly encouraging pole owners to drag their feet. The FCC recently rolled out a faster process for resolving complaints, but it’s unclear how aggressively the agency will leverage this new tool.  If Biden’s FCC appointees want their boss’s signature broadband program to be remembered as anything more than a disaster, they’ll need to enforce the law — quickly, fairly and consistently.

The alternative is to stand by and act surprised as $42.5 billion in broadband funding goes up in smoke, betraying the promises Washington has made to rural communities desperately awaiting broadband access. Those rural consumers know that’s the worst of all worlds.

Biden and Congress need to start taking these risks seriously — and soon — before his big spending on broadband becomes a case study of government failure, and millions of Americans miss out on a connected future. 

President Biden has time to make a real difference before the next president is inaugurated and bring Americans closer together with broadband access.

Originally published here

Starlink dan Kebebasan Memilih untuk Konsumen di Indonesia

Internet saat ini merupakan salah satu kebutuhan jutaan warga Indonesia untuk menjalankan keseharian mereka. Internet kita gunakan untuk berbagai aktivitas, mulai dari berkomunikasi, mencari data dan informasi, hingga melakukan berbagai kegiatan transaksi barang dan jasa.

Maka dari itu, tidak mengherankan, seiring berjalannya waktu, dari tahun ke tahun persebaran jaringan internet di Indonesia semakin meluas. Di tahun 2024 ini misalnya, jumlah pengguna internet di Indonesia menyentuh angka 79,5% dari penduduk Indonesia, atau sekitar 221 juta jiwa. Angka ini meningkat dari tahun 2018 yang hanya sekitar 64,8%, 73,7% di tahun 2020, 77,01% di tahun 2022, dan 78,19% di tahun 2023 (apjii.or.id, 7/2/2024).

Semakin bertambahnya jumlah pengguna internet di Indonesia ini juga membuat provider penyedia jasa internet di Indonesia semakin meningkat. Pada tahun 2022 lalu misalnya, ada sekitar 828 perusahaan provider penyedia jasa internet di Indonesia. Angka ini meningkat dar tahun 2021 sebelumnya yang berjumlah sebanyak 611 perusahaan (katadata.co.id, 8/9/2023).

Adanya perusahaan penyedia jasa internet yang beragam ini tentu terlihat sebagai sesuatu yang positif untuk konsumen. Dengan adanya perusahaan yang beragam, maka akan terjadi kompetisi antar sesame pelaku usaha untuk memberikan layanan internet yang terbaik dan dengan harga yang terjangkau.

Tetapi kenyataannya ternyata cukup berbeda. Tidak jarang misalnya, para provider internet tersebut melakukan tindakan untuk memonopoli pasar jaringan internet di wilayah-wilayah tertentu, seperti perumahan atau apartemen. Hal ini tentunya merupakan sesuatu yang berpotensi dapat merugikan para konsumen.

Beberapa waktu lalu misalnya, Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat (DPR), dalam rapat kerjanya dengan Komisi Pengawas Persaingan Usaha (KPPU) juga menyampaikan hal tersebut, yang didapatkan dari laporan masyarakat. DPR dalam hal ini berharap KPPU juga bisa menangani adanya berbagai praktik anti kompetisi yang dilakukan oleh perusahaan provider penyedia jasa jaringan internet dengan menguasai daerah-daerah tertentu. Ketika sudah menguasai daerah tertentu misalnya, maka provider penyedia jasa internet lainnya tidak diperbolehkan masuk (rm.id, 18/9/2023).

Selain itu, tidak bisa dipungkiri bahwa, berbagai praktik monopoli yang dilakukan oleh perusahaan di Indonesia juga tidak bisa dilepaskan dari peran pemerintah, terutama melalui Badan Usaha Milik Negara (BUMN). Salah satu pakar hukum bisnis dari Univesitas Islam Indonesia (UII) misalnya, menilai dominasi BUMN saat ini sudah termasuk berlebihan (uii.ac.id, 5/4/2021).

Adanya persaingan yang sehat tentu merupakan hal yang sangat penting bagi para konsumen. Di bidang telekomunikasi dan informasi misalnya, anggapan praktik monopoli tersebut umumnya dikenakan kepada perusahaan BUMN Telkom dan berbagai anak perusahaannya, karena memang Telkom memiliki dominasi yang sangat besar (harianjogja.com, 5/5/2024).

Terkait dengan hal tersebut, beberapa waktu lalu misalnya, perusahaan ternama asal Amerika Serikat, SpaceX, meluncurkan salah satu produk mereka, yakni provider jairngan internet berbasis satelit, Starlink, di Indonesia. Elon Musk selaku sebagai pemilik dan CEO Starlink sendiri yang meresmikan hal tersebut pada saat ini berkunjung ke pulau Bali di Indonesia (cnbcindonesia.com, 20/5/2024).

Starlink sendiri merupakan salah satu produk provider penyedia jasa internet yang diproduksi oleh SpaceX asal Amerika Serikat. Melalui Starlink, karena layanannya berbasis internet, maka produk tersbeut memiliki kelebihan yakni pemasangan yang relatif mudah dan cepat terutama di wilayah-wilayah yang sangat sulit untuk dijangkau oleh jaringan internet konvensional.

Masuknya Starlink ke Indonesia ini tentu merupakan hal yang positif kepada konsumen, karena memberikan pilihan yang semakin banyak. Terlebih lagi, Indonesia merupakan negara kepulauan yang memiliki banyak desa-desa dan pemukiman di wilayah terpencil dengan akses internet yang sangat terbatas.  Adanya layanan provoder penyedia jaringan internet berbasis satelit seperti starlink tentunya memberikan kesempatan agar daerah-daerah tersebut untuk mendapatkan akses jaringan internet yang lebih baik.

Tetapi, seperti yang diprediksikan, tidak sedikit pihak-pihak tertentu yang melancarkan kritik dan ketidaksetujuan mereka terhadap fenomena masuknya Starlink ke Indonesia. Asosiasi Penyelenggara Telekomunikasi Seluruh Indonesia (ATSI) misalnya, menyampaikan bahwa masuknya inovasi provider penyedia jasa jaringan internet berbasis satelit ini berpotensi dapat mengancam kelangsungan usaha telekomunikasi dalam negeri (inilah.com, 7/6/2024).

Tidak bisa dipungkiri bahwa, adanya pemain baru provider penyedia jasa internet di Indonesia tentu berpotensi akan membuat sebagian konsumen berpindah, dan meninggalkan provider lama. Tetapi hal lain yang tidak jarang kerap tidak dilihat adalah besarnya potensi yang ada bagi para konsumen melalui inovasi teknologi jaringan internet berbasis internet seperti Starlink.

Selain semakin menguatkan kompetisi misalnya, para penduduk dan warga Indonesia yang tinggal di daerah terpencil berpotensi memiliki akses internet yang cepat, yang tentunya akan memberikan banyak kesempatan bagi mereka untuk melakukan berbagai aktivitas. Melalui jaringan internet yang cepat dan reliable, mereka bisa mendapatan akses informasi yang sangat luas, bisa menjangkau pasar yang lebih luas menjual produk yang diproduksi misalnya, dan juga kesempatan untuk belajar berbagai hal baru yang seakan sering dianggap taken for granted oleh para penduduk yang tinggal di ibukota.

Sebagai penutup, kompetisi dan persaingan yang sehat merupakan hal yang sangat penting untuk menjaga hak konsumen, agar mereka bisa mendapatkan produk dan layanan terbaik dengan harga yang terjangkau. Melalui kompetisi dan persaingan juga, para pelaku usaha akan “dipaksa” oleh pasar untuk berinovasi dan memperbaiki produk dan layanan mereka, yang tentunya akan berdampak pada kemajuan. Jangan sampai, karena dorongan dari pelaku usaha tertentu untuk menjaga pasar mereka melalui pembatasan kompetisi, hak dan kebebasan memilih konsumen menjadi tercederai, sehingga kemajuan bisa menjadi terhambat.

Originally published here

Flughafen Zürich ist ‘Top of Europe’

Das Consumer Choice Center hat die 4. jährliche Ausgabe de European Airport Index veröffentlicht.

Die neueste Ausgabe hebt die Erholung der Flughafenindustrie hervor, Schätzungen zufolge soll das diesjährige Verkehrsaufkommen die Vor-Pandemie-Niveaus um 1,4% bis 3,4% übertreffen. Der Index bewertet die dreissig verkehrsreichsten Flughäfen Europas, gemessen am Passagieraufkommen.

Die Bewertung basiert auf verschiedenen Faktoren, von der Lage und den Transportdiensten bis hin zur Anzahl der verbraucherfreundlichen Annehmlichkeiten wie Geschäften und Restaurants.

Er nutzt verschiedene Daten, darunter Flughafeninformationen, Jahresberichte, Online-Statistiken und die Forschung des Consumer Choice Center. Die Passagieraufkommen basieren auf den neuesten verfügbaren Informationen.

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Höchster Komfort: Flughafen Zürich ist der beste in Europa

Welcher Flughafen in Europa ist für Reisende am komfortabelsten? Der in Zürich, sagt die Organisation Consumer Choice Center. Sie wird am 23. Juli ein Flughafen-Ranking rausbringen, das 20 Minuten schon vorliegt. Das sind die Top-10-Flughäfen in Europa Diese Flughäfen sind laut Ranking für Reisende am komfortabelsten: 1. Zürich 2. Kopenhagen 3. Brüssel 4. Helsinki 5. Frankfurt 6. Düsseldorf 7. Málaga 8. Wien 9. Paris 10.

Anzahl Passagiere pro Fluggastbrücke: 18 andere Flughäfen ebenfalls mit Punktemaximum. Anzahl Shops und Restaurants pro Passagier: Auch Helsinki, München, Istanbul und die beiden Flughäfen in Paris holen die Maximalpunktzahl. Zugänglichkeit der Hotels im Flughafen: 20 weitere Flughäfen ebenfalls mit Punktemaximum. Anzahl Airlines, die den Flughafen nutzen, und Anzahl Verbindungen: Fast alle Flughäfen holen alle Punkte.

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California Threatens the Future of Open Source Tech and AI

SACRAMENTO, CA – The week of July 8, the California legislature once again considered SB1047, the “Safe and Secure Innovation for Frontier Artificial Intelligence Models Act,” a sweeping framework that aims to regulate and issue compliance guidelines for AI large language models and related products and services.

Consumers of existing AI models and products benefit greatly from what’s happening right now in this sector, thanks to open source developers that make the ecosystem competitive, free, and accessible for all sorts of people with unique use cases in mind.

The mandates and compliance forced by SB1047 threaten innovation and should be rejected by state legislators.

Yaël Ossowski, deputy director of the consumer advocacy group Consumer Choice Center, said of SB1047:

“California’s proposed AI law would bring virtually all development to a grinding halt. This law would require developers to usher their innovations through government bureaucracies to meet various demands and standards that are neither clear nor realistic.

“Most alarmingly, the proposed bill would assign an unprecedented liability standard to open source developers, reducing the incentives for intelligent and creative coders to dedicate themselves to building the next generation of artificial intelligence technologies,” said Ossowski. “This would be perilous for emerging tech innovations that rely on open source models to exist.

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Trump Must Clarify His Stance on Farmers

The presidential race has recently been overshadowed by the daily politics of rhetoric and questions over mental fitness, but it’s important not to forget that with a presidential candidate assuming office come countless policies and appointments that severely impact sectors such as agriculture.

We’d be hard-pressed to find any indicator from the candidates’ views on farm policy — probably both Donald Trump and Joe Biden wouldn’t do well if pressed about specific legislation relating to the sector.

The only exception is maybe Robert Kennedy, who has been raving about essential crop protection chemicals giving people cancer, but given the fact that he also thinks that about Wifi and microwaves, and that he won’t be president, there’s little use in giving it more than a mention.

The impact of a president on agriculture is initially measured in their appointments to the EPA and USDA. In that regard, Sonny Perdue (Trump’s former secretary of agriculture) and Tom Vilsack, the current secretary, who also served during both of Barack Obama’s terms, sound similar but act differently.

Both promote the greatness of American farm products, embrace biotechnology solutions, and push for greater export opportunities for American farmers. That said, Perdue drove a deeper deregulation agenda, abandoning the idea that the government needed to conduct steering policy to guide farmers to different production models, while Vilsack presided over policies that push farmers to adopt organic production methods.

On the EPA level, Trump’s nominee Scott Pruitt undid a lot of the unreasonable Obama-era restrictions on crop protection chemicals, such as the quasi-ban on the weedkiller atrazine which is essential keep yields at a steady level, while current EPA chief Michael Regan disregarded agency safety assessment when calling for an 80% cut of the use of the herbicide in American agriculture.

Donald Trump’s term was marked by COVID-19, during which his administration released unprecedented funds to support farmers financially, at a level unsustainable to the treasury. While there is an argument to be made that during the pandemic, this support was warranted, it does not speak to good governance to buy the hearts of farmers with taxpayer money, especially when those levels of funding are unsustainable.

If Trump were to get a second term, he should enable farmers to become more lucrative through increased trade instead of pumping welfare payments into the system.

Meanwhile, Democrats in numerous states have been pushing for rules that will make farming harder.

In Vermont and New York, Democrats are implementing a ban on neonicotinoid insecticides, which help protect farmers’ crops against insect attacks. Despite the efforts of Gov. Phil Scott to veto the bill in Vermont, both houses overrode it and allowed environmental activists to set rules for a sector they barely understand.

Farmers have traditionally supported Republicans in the past, but in order for them to continue that legacy, it would be favorable for Donald Trump to outline which rules and regulations he seeks to roll back. It should also be conditional on Republicans waking up and pushing back further on the threats to the farm sector in different states, where radical environmentalists push a vision of agriculture that takes the “modern” out of “modern farming.”

Originally published here

Labour Party has turned to ‘old roots in meddling with people’s livelihoods and businesses’

In a statement, Mike Salem, the UK Country Associate for the leading international consumer group, the Consumer Choice Center (CCC), expressed support for housing reform, especially on planning, as well as investing in new technologies and developing powerful AI models.

Salem particularly welcomed Starmer’s decision not to include an AI Bill, which would have placed constraints on AI innovation and impeded the UK’s role as a global innovator.

However, despite these promising signs, Salem raised concerns about renationalising the railways and energy, introducing an “independent” football regulator, VAT on private schools and crucially prohibiting cigarettes while imposing limits on the sale and marketing of vapes.

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Data breach exposes pitfalls of customer identification regulations

One of the most consequential bank hacks of the last few years was just revealed to the public. In a post uploaded to its website two weeks ago, the Arkansas-based Evolve Bank and Trust informed its customers that a “cybersecurity incident” involving Russian ransomware group LockBit resulted in the theft of an unspecified amount of customer information.

The hacker group, which has been the target of an international law enforcement operation for years, had originally claimed the hack was of the Federal Reserve, raising some eyebrows on Wall Street.

Instead, as the group’s dark net website reveals, the stolen cache of records allegedly relates to Evolve Bank and Trust customers and those at partner FinTech companies, reportedly including names of customers, Social Security numbers, dates of birth, and scans of driver’s licenses and IDs.

While we do not know the full extent of the hack and the leaks, the bank’s unique positionas a bridge between traditional finance and the startup FinTech, neo-banks point to a much more dire situation than many would like to admit.

Many key financial services firms, including big names like Wise, Mercury, Stripe, Affirm, and many more, have already communicated to their customers that some of their datamay have been included in the hack. I have personally received some of these emails from other accounts.

This relates to the looming bankruptcy of related banking provider Synapse, which acted as a middleman between FinTech firms and traditional banks like Evolve. Sens. Sherrod Brown (D-Ohio), Ron Wyden (D-Ore.), Tammy Baldwin (D-Wis.), and John Fetterman (D-Penn.) sent a letter on July 1 to the company demanding it make its customers whole. Evolve Bank, a major partner of Synapse, was also addressed in the letter. The alleged hack will now only escalate the situation.

Two factors make this alleged Evolve hack so devastating.

First, the scale and scope of the companies involved. The list of FinTech partners using Evolve’s banking license to issue financial accounts includes some of the largest institutions in the country, serving hundreds of millions of Americans. We will only know the true number of people affected once companies disclose whose data was compromised.

Second, federal laws required each company to collect significant personal and private data from its clients to provide to Evolve. Whether under the Bank Secrecy Act, the PATRIOT Act, the FDIC Customer Identification Program, Dodd-Frank Act, or the newly passed Corporate Transparency Act, the federal government mandates that customers hand over vast amounts of information and data that banks and financial institutions must retain to track down crime.

To comply with the myriad Know Your Customer and anti-money-laundering laws the government has imposed on financial institutions, each of these companies must collect and store the names, addresses, Social Security numbers, and ID scans of their customers to report to the Treasury Department. A nefarious Russian hacking group may now possess this information.

The scale of potential identity theft will only grow once criminals match this information with recent online breaches.

Some users have already reported phishing scams made possible by information from the hack, and yet more information may soon become available.

FinTech Substack writer Jason Mikula is one of the only journalists to cover this breach from the start. Evolve Bank sent him a cease-and-desist letter last week and threatened legal action if he reveals any information from the hacks.

Beyond the worries about a broader industry collapse surrounding FinTech, this episode should prove as a cautionary tale for those who push excessive Know Your Customer and anti-money-laundering laws for services that consumers use every day.

As I’ve previously reported on Return, one pending bill in the U.S. Senate would like to crack down even more on Bitcoin and cryptocurrency exchanges, requiring yet more personal data and even limiting the amount customers can withdraw without being labeled “suspicious.”

While attempts at a national privacy law are commendable, Congress and the Federal Trade Commission have focused too much on specific business models of various online companies rather than on creating legally enforceable penalties for hacks that endanger our private information and put us at risk of identity theft.

Instead of introducing more restrictions or requirements for companies to collect information to combat crime, we should ask whether the existing laws are putting us in greater danger. Common-sense rules that promote encryption, penalize bad actors, and minimize data collection would go a long way in protecting consumers from future harm.

Originally published here

High Court’s Ruling Ends Administrative State’s Shady Legal Work

A slew of recent opinions issued from the bench of the United States Supreme Court have given American consumers a handful of underreported victories.

Now unshackled from “Chevron deference” thanks to the majority opinion in Loper Bright Enterprises v. Raimondo, courts will return to evaluating cases based on direct statutes issued by Congress, rather than deferring to agency bureaucrats who fill in the gaps.

This will recalibrate the vital balance of power in our system that has for too long given more power and authority to the executive branch and its octopus of agencies.

Another significant blow against the administrative state was handed down in SEC v. Jarkesy, which not only restrains the powers of federal agencies but also restores the civil rights of individuals who find themselves in the legal crosshairs of bureaucrats.

Jarkesyundoes existing legislation enabling administrative agencies such as the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), to charge, convict, and penalize people they accuse of wrongdoing in their own administrative courts without juries or proper trials.

The Court found that, in civil cases, the accused has “the right to be tried by a jury of his peers before a neutral adjudicator” because otherwise, Congress could “concentrate the roles of prosecutor, judge, and jury in the hands of the executive branch” — a downright un-American concept.

This is precisely what has been quietly happening for years.

Defendants have not just been denied their Seventh Amendment rights in SEC cases, but they’ve also had to deal with a reckless agency leadership that has further muddied the waters around sound financial regulation to protect consumers.

Under the leadership of Commissioner Gary Gensler, the SEC has become a constant foe of innovative financial and cryptocurrency companies offering consumers exactly what they want.

Whether it be lawsuits, administrative proceedings, murky registration processes, or commission opinions, Gensler’s SEC has faced consistent criticism from lawmakers, entrepreneurs, and analysts who believe he’s gone too far in applying standards and rules that supersede what Congress has legislated.

These enforcement actions, once rare and more targeted in scope, have swelled under Gensler’s tenure.

The SEC is charging companies with “improper registrations” and for not complying with rules and regulations that remain unclear to the industry and their millions of consumers.

The SEC under Gensler hasn’t exactly flown under the radar.

Gensler’s pursuit of cryptocurrency exchanges Coinbase, Kraken, and FinTech firms like Robinhood, has been relentless.

However, during the momentous collapse of the $32 billion crypto exchange FTX and CEO Sam Bankman-Fried’s arrest, Gensler remained silent.

Gensler had met several times with Bankman-Fried to discuss policy.

Billionaire Mark Cuban recently stated that Gary Gensler’s actions could “literally cost Joe Biden the election.”

In 2018, the Supreme Court ruled that the SEC’s selection of administrative law judges from within its own staff roster was unconstitutional.

Now, the high court has gone a step further to require that defendants have their rights respected.

By rebalancing power between the branches of our federal government, SCOTUS has empowered consumers and businesses at the disadvantage of Gensler and the SEC, but it will also help reign in the overbearing agenda of the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) directed by Lina Khan.

The FTC has also wielded significant authority in pursuing popular American tech and AI companies for their products and services instead of devoting resources to fraud and deception cases nationally.

Whether it be crypto scams that cost people their life savings or massive corporate hacks that endanger millions of Americans’ personal data online, the FTC has focused more elsewhere.

In 2021, the Khan rescinded the consumer welfare standard when it came to evaluating mergers and acquisitions, empowering the FTC to seek even cases that could result in higher prices, less job growth, and less consumer choice.

The FTC has also relied heavily on in-house administrative law judges to adjudicate cases. SCOTUS has handed citizens and businesses more power to fight back against administrative show trials, a victory for consumers and the rule of law.

While it will take far more than one court case to reorient the FTC back to doing what it once did best— protecting consumer welfare — Jarkesy will at the very least prevent Khan from continuing to dismantle popular companies and services without credible judicial review.

The same will apply to other government agencies that continue to steamroll the American consumer. They will no longer be able to conduct much of the shady legal work that has grown their power at the expense of the people, and will instead have to survive a fair, independent judicial process.

Originally published here

Peretasan Pusat Data Nasional dan Pentingnya Melindungi Data Pribadi

Beberapa waktu lalu, jutaan warga Indonesia dikejutkan dengan berita diretasnya Pusat Data Nasional (PDN). Adanya kejadian tersebut menyebabkan menjadi terhalangnya berbagai layanan publik dasar dikarenakan pusat data yang tidak bisa diakses, mulai dari pembuatan paspor, proses imigrasi otomatis, hingga layanan beasiswa pendidikan. Peretas PDN tersebut juga meminta uang tebusan sebesar USD8 juta kepada pemerintah bila ingin data tersebut dikembalikan (tempo.co, 27/6/2024).

Tidak mengherankan, banyak masyarakat yang meluapkan kekesalannya kepada pemerintah yang dianggap tidak bertanggung jawab dalam menjaga data masyarakat Indonesia, baik melalui media sosial maupun media massa. Kekesalan tersebut khususnya diarahkan kepada Kementerian Komunikasi dan Informatika (Kominfo) yang dianggap abai dalam menjalankan salah satu tugasnya yang paling penting.

Adanya kejadian tersebut tidak bisa dilepaskan dari proses digitalisasi yang semakin masif di Indonesia, seiring dengan perkembangan teknologi informasi yang semakin pesat. Pembangunan PDN sendiri dimulai pada tahun 2022 lalu, terletak di Cikarang, yang digunakan untuk menyimpan berbagai data penting pemerintah dan juga masyarakat Indonesia (cnbcindonesia.com, 6/2/2024).

Tidak bisa dipungkiri, digitalisasi saat ini merupakan proses yang hampir mustahil dapat dibendung. Seiring perkembangan teknologi yang semakin pesat, proses pengubahan informasi menjadi dalam format digital saat ini sudah melingkupi berbagai hal yang tidak bisa kita lepaskan dari keseharian kita, mulai dari konten digital seperti musik dan film, informasi transaksi jual beli, dan juga informasi pribadi yang kita miliki.

Terkait dengan hal tersebut, informasi pribadi memang merupakan hal yang sangat penting untuk dijaga dengan sebaik-baiknya. Infomasi pribadi kita dalam hal ini mencakup berbagai informasi yang sangat berpotensi bisa disalahgunakan oleh pihak-pihak yang tidak bertanggung jawab, seperti alamat, nomor induk kependudukan, nomor telepon, dan lain sebagainya.

Untuk itu, perlindungan data pribadi merupakan hal yang sangat penting dan krusial, dan kelalaian pemerintah yang menyebabkan peretasan tersebut bisa terjadi merupakan hal yang sangat serius dan wajib mendapatkan perhatian dari jutaan masyarakat Indonesia. Peretasan data tersebut merupakan hal yang sangat berbahaya, di mana data masyarakat tersebut berpotensi besar akan disalahgunakan oleh pihak-pihak yang tidak bertanggung jawab.

Secara garis besar, Indonesia sendiri pada dasarnya sudah memiliki kerangka hukum yang ditujukan untuk melindungi data pribadi. Pada tahun 2022 lalu, disahkan Undang-Undang No. 27 Tahun 2022 tentang Perlidnugan Data Pribadi (UU PDP) yang ditujukan untuk menjaga keamanan data, dan juga proses mitigasinya.

Untuk melakukan hal tersebut, UU PDP mencantumkan kewajiban bagi perusahaan untuk menjaga keamanan dan kerahasiaan data pribadi. Dalam undang-undang tersebut juga diatur mengenai proses yang harus dilakukan apabila ada perusahaan yang gagal melakukan hal tersebut, misalnya terjadi peretasan, maka harus memberikan pemberitahuan kepada pengguna atau konsumen selambat-lambatnya 3 x 24 jam (hukumonline.com, 16/5/2024).

Perusahaan yang melanggar ketentuan tersebut maka akan berhadapan dengan sanksi yang tercantum di dalam aturan. Sanksinya sendiri dalam bentuk yang bermacam-macam, mulai dari sanksi administratif, sanksi perdata seperti membayar uang ganti rugi kepada konsumen, hingga sanksi pidana.

Adanya aturan undang-undang tersebut tentu merupakan hal yang sangat patut untuk diapresiasi dan didukung. Perlindungan data pribadi merupakan hal yang sangat penting bagi konsumen dan sangat rentan disalahgunakan. Tanpa adanya aturan yang secara eksplisit melindungi data pribadi, maka pihak-pihak tertentu seperti pelaku usaha yang tidak bertanggung jawab berpotensi bisa dengan bebas menyebarkan data pribadi pelanggannya yang tentunya akan membawa banyak kerugian bagi pelanggan tersebut.

Tetapi yang memprihatinkan, kejadian beberapa minggu lalu justru membuktikan bahwa ternyata pihak yang paling lalai dalam menjalankan hal tersebut adalah pemerintah itu sendiri. Yang lebih memprihatinkan, beberapa oknum di pemerintahan yang memiliki tanggung jawab untuk melindungi masyarakat justru bersikap seakan-akan hal tersebut bukan hal yang krusial, seperti menunjukkan sikap “pasrah” bila pemerintah kehilangan data berharga masyarakat (wartakota.twibunnews.com, 2/7/2024).

Sikap abai dan lalai yang ditunjukkan pemerintah dalam menjalankan tugasnya untuk melindungi data pribadi masyarakat ini tentunya bukan hanya akan membahayakan warga negara, tetapi juga akan meningkatkan citra buruk negeri di mata investor dan pelaku usaha dari luar negeri. Perlindungan data pribadi saat ini menjadi salah satu tolok ukur bagi para investor untuk menanamkan modalnya (beritasatu.com, 24/1/2023).

Tidak mengherankan bahwa, data center yang dimiliki dan dikelola oleh pemerintah memang memiliki kecenderungan lebih tidak aman. Berbeda dengan pihak swasta, pemerintah merupakan institusi yang tidak harus berhadapan dengan kompetitor, dan maka dari itu memiliki insentif yang lebih rendah untuk memberikan pelayanan terbaik, tidak seperti pihak swasta.

Apabila ada perusahaan swasta yang mengalami data breach atau terkena ransomware misalnya, dan tidak bisa diakses selama berhari-hari, sudah pasti pegawai yang bertanggung jawab akan segera diberi sanksi hingga dipecat. Selain itu, perusahaan tersebut juga akan dihukum oleh pasar dengan dijauhi oleh konsumen. Terkait dengan hal tersebut, keamanan cyber pemerintah sendiri juga dikonfirmasi oleh komunitas ethical hacker di Indonesia, yang menyatakan bahwa situs yang dimiliki oleh lembaga pemerintah sering dijadikan sasaran untuk para hacker baru yang masih belajar (pikiran-rakyat.com, 2/7/2024).

Terkait dengan pelibatan pihak swasta, sebenarnya hal tersebut dimungkinkan dalam bentuk kerja sama dengan pihak vendor. Sehubungan dengan hal tersebut, pemerintah sendiri sebenarnya sudah menggunakan vendor dalam rangka pengelolaan Pusat Data Nasional. Tetapi, vendor yang terlibat tersebut juga diberikan kepada anak perusahaan Badan Usaha Milik Negara (BUMN), salah satunya adalah melalui PT Telkom Indonesia melalui anak perusahannya yakni Telkomsigma (investor.id, 8/7/2024),

Selain itu, bukan tidak mungkin juga, kejadian yang sangat amat fatal ini juga dijadikan sebagai contoh yang tidak baik bagi sebagian oknum swasta tertentu di Indonesia yang tidak bertanggung jawab. Bila pemerintah saja, yang memiliki dana yang sangat besar, wewenang yang luas, dan juga sumber daya yang berlimpah, bisa bersikap demikian terhadap data yang dimiliki oleh warganya, lantas bagaimana dengan para pelaku usaha yang memiliki modal dan sumber daya yang sangat terbatas?

Sebagai penutup, perlindungan data pribadi merupakan hal yang sangat penting dan krusial seiring dengan semakin masif dan pesatnya proses digitalisasi, seiring dengan perkembangan teknologi yang sangat cepat. Untuk itu, jangan sampai kita bersikap tak acuh terhadap hal tersebut. Terlebih lagi, yang bersikap abai justru lembaga pemerintah yang memiliki kewajiban untuk melindungi data pribadi warga negara.

Originally published here

Ford must allow grocery stores to sell all alcohol during LCBO strike

There’s an easy way for Premier Doug Ford to help folks out during the LCBO strike: Just let private retailers sell all liquor products, at least during the strike.

It’s easy to do. And it happens all over Canada and around the world. Alberta and Saskatchewan let local businesses serve their thirsty neighbours.

The rules are silly anyway. Right now, the LCBO gets the inside track on some products and other retailers get to sell other things. Why? What’s the difference between selling a six-pack, a bottle of wine or a mickey of rye?

This is a perfect opportunity to see what people like best. Maybe they’ll like being able to pick up a bottle from a local business that stays open a little later. Or maybe the union’s right and people will remain staunchly committed to government stores. This is the perfect time to find out.

Ontarians can still get beer at the Beer Store and wine at the Wine Rack. If Ford allows grocery stores to sell all other forms of alcohol, the LCBO could go on strike until the Leafs finally win the Stanley Cup and Ontarians won’t miss out on a single cocktail.

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